1、 Characteristics of Diatomite

Diatomite is commonly used in English as “diatomite, diatomaceous earth, kieselguhr, inforial earth, Tripoli, fossil metal” and so on. Diatomite is formed by the deposition of the remains of ancient unicellular aquatic plant diatoms. The unique properties of diatoms are that they can absorb free silicon in water to form their skeletons. After their life is over, diatomite deposits are formed under certain geological conditions. According to the metallogenic conditions, there are differences between light water lacustrine diatomite and salt water marine diatomite. Diatomite is a non-metallic clay mineral, its main chemical composition is amorphous silica (or amorphous silica), accompanied by a small amount of montmorillonite, kaolinite, quartz and other clay impurities and organic matter. Under the microscope, diatomite presents different shapes of algae. The size of a single algae varies from a few microns to tens of microns. There are many nano pores on the inner and outer surface of the algae. This is the basic physical characteristics of diatomite which is different from other non-metallic clay minerals. Diatomite has the characteristics of micro porous structure, small bulk density, large specific surface area, strong adsorption performance, good dispersion and suspension performance, stable physical and chemical properties, relative incompressibility, sound insulation, extinction, heat insulation, insulation, non-toxic and tasteless. Diatomite can not be used in industry without the above characteristics.

2、 Application of Diatomite

A. Diatomite functional mineral filler: the diatomite raw ore is crushed, dried, air separated, calcined (or fused calcined), then crushed, graded, impurity removed, and the product obtained after changing its particle size and surface properties is added to some industrial products or used as one of the raw material components of industrial products, which can improve and improve some properties of these products. We call diatomite as functional mineral filler.

B. Diatomite filter aid: diatomite has porous structure, lower density, larger specific surface area, relative incompressibility and chemical stability. So it is called natural molecular name. Diatomite is used as the main raw material. After crushing, drying, separation, calcination, classification, slag removal, particle size distribution and surface properties are changed to meet the requirements of filtration process. We call this kind of filter medium which can improve filtration quality and efficiency as diatomite filter aid.

1. Condiments: monosodium glutamate, soy sauce, vinegar, salad oil, rapeseed oil, etc.

Baijiu wine 2.: beer, liquor, fruit wine, yellow wine, starch wine, fruit juice, wine, beverage syrup, beverage, etc.

3. Sugar industry: fructose syrup, high fructose syrup, glucose, starch sugar, sucrose, etc.

4. Medicine: antibiotics, vitamins, purification of traditional Chinese medicine, fillers of dental materials, cosmetics, etc.

5. Chemical products: organic acid, inorganic acid, alkyd resin, sodium thiocyanate, paint, synthetic resin, etc.

6. Industrial oil: lubricating oil, lubricating oil additive, metal plate and foil rolling oil, transformer oil, petroleum additive, coal tar, etc.

7. Water treatment: domestic wastewater, industrial wastewater, sewage treatment, swimming pool water, etc.

C. Diatomite insulation brick is a kind of hard insulation product under medium and high temperature conditions, which is widely used in various industrial kilns in iron and steel, non-ferrous metals, non-metallic minerals, electric power, coking, cement and glass industries. In this condition, it has superior performance that other insulation materials can’t compare.

D. Diatomite particle adsorbent: with irregular particle shape, large adsorption capacity, good strength, fire prevention, non-toxic and tasteless, no dust, no dispersion after absorbing water (oil) and easy recovery after use. Therefore, (1) it is used as anti caking agent (or anti caking agent) in food fresh-keeping deoxidizer; (2) it is used as desiccant in electronic instruments, precision instruments, medicine, food and clothing; (3) it is used as absorbent of harmful penetrating liquid on the ground in environmental protection engineering; (4) it is used as soil conditioner or modifier in golf course, baseball field and lawn to improve sports (5) in the pet industry, it is used as a litter for cats, dogs and other pets, commonly known as “cat litter”. E. Diatomite catalyst support: vanadium catalyst support, nickel catalyst support, etc.

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