Diatomaceous earth is a type of siliceous rock mainly distributed in countries such as China, the United States, Japan, Denmark, France, Romania, etc. It is a biogenic siliceous sedimentary rock mainly composed of the remains of ancient diatoms. Its chemical composition is mainly SiO2, which can be represented by SiO2 · nH2O, and its mineral composition is opal and its variants. The reserves of diatomaceous earth in China are 320 million tons, with a prospective reserve of over 2 billion tons, mainly concentrated in East China and Northeast China. Among them, Jilin (54.8%, with Linjiang City in Jilin Province accounting for the first proven reserves in Asia), Zhejiang, Yunnan, Shandong, Sichuan, and other provinces have a wide distribution, but high-quality soil is only concentrated in the Changbai Mountain area of Jilin, and most other mineral deposits are grade 3-4 soil. Due to high impurity content, It cannot be directly processed and utilized. The main component of diatomaceous earth as a carrier is SiO2. For example, the active component of industrial vanadium catalyst is V2O5, the co catalyst is alkali metal sulfate, and the carrier is refined diatomaceous earth. Experiments have shown that SiO2 has a stabilizing effect on the active components and increases with the increase of K2O or Na2O content. The activity of the catalyst is also related to the dispersion and pore structure of the carrier. After acid treatment of diatomaceous earth, the content of oxide impurities decreases, the content of SiO2 increases, and the specific surface area and pore volume also increase. Therefore, the carrier effect of refined diatomaceous earth is better than that of natural diatomaceous earth.

Diatomaceous earth is generally formed from the silicate remains after the death of single-celled algae, commonly known as diatoms, and its essence is aqueous amorphous SiO2. Diatoms can survive in both freshwater and saltwater, with many types. They can generally be divided into “central order” diatoms and “feathered order” diatoms, and each order has many “genera” that are quite complex.

The main component of natural diatomaceous earth is SiO2, with high-quality ones having a white color and a SiO2 content often exceeding 70%. Single diatoms are colorless and transparent, and the color of diatomaceous earth depends on clay minerals and organic matter. The composition of diatomaceous earth from different mineral sources varies.

Diatomaceous earth, also known as diatom, is a fossilized diatom deposit formed after the death of a single celled plant and a deposition period of about 10000 to 20000 years. Diatoms were one of the earliest native organisms to appear on Earth, living in seawater or lake water.

This type of diatomaceous earth is formed by the deposition of the remains of single-celled aquatic plant diatoms. The unique performance of this diatom is that it can absorb free silicon in water to form its bones. When its life ends, it deposits and forms diatomaceous earth deposits under certain geological conditions. It has some unique properties, such as porosity, low concentration, large specific surface area, relative incompressibility, and chemical stability. After changing the particle size distribution and surface properties of the original soil through processing processes such as crushing, sorting, calcination, airflow classification, and impurity removal, it can be suitable for various industrial requirements such as coatings and paint additives.